So what are prime numbers? Prime numbers are whole numbers (0, 1, 2, 3,...) that have only two factors: 1 and the number itself. Factors of a number are whole numbers that divide into the number evenly. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12; while the factors of 7 are only 1 and 7. In this case, 7 is prime and 12 is not prime (the latter being a composite number for having more than two factors).
A couple millenia ago, the mathematician Euclid proved there were infinitely many prime numbers. The website has several lists of primes, including the first thousand primes and Top 20 lists (http://primes.utm.edu/lists/). For this post, here is a list of the first 100 prime numbers.
| 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 19 | 23 | 29 |
| 31 | 37 | 41 | 43 | 47 | 53 | 59 | 61 | 67 | 71 |